{"id":5064,"date":"2026-11-09T21:52:12","date_gmt":"2026-11-09T21:52:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.andex-rhp.org\/?p=5064"},"modified":"2026-11-09T21:52:13","modified_gmt":"2026-11-09T21:52:13","slug":"como-los-patrones-de-viento-organizan-las-lluvias-en-sudamerica-subtropical","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.andex-rhp.org\/?p=5064","title":{"rendered":"C\u00f3mo los patrones de viento organizan las lluvias en Sudam\u00e9rica subtropical"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Por Franco Medina*<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Las lluvias no se distribuyen de manera uniforme: mientras una regi\u00f3n atraviesa una sequ\u00eda, otra puede recibir precipitaciones abundantes. En Sudam\u00e9rica, estos contrastes afectan la disponibilidad de agua, la producci\u00f3n de alimentos y la generaci\u00f3n de energ\u00eda. Para comprenderlos, es fundamental conocer la circulaci\u00f3n atmosf\u00e9rica. Una investigaci\u00f3n1<\/sup> identific\u00f3 siete patrones de vientos que ayudan a explicar la distribuci\u00f3n de la lluvia en la regi\u00f3n y c\u00f3mo estas condiciones var\u00edan con el tiempo (en plazos de d\u00edas hasta d\u00e9cadas).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

El estudio abarc\u00f3 una extensa regi\u00f3n que incluye parte de Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Paraguay y Uruguay. Se analizaron los vientos de las capas bajas de la atm\u00f3sfera entre los a\u00f1os 1979 y 2023 y agruparon los d\u00edas con caracter\u00edsticas similares. As\u00ed, se identificaron siete patrones t\u00edpicos de circulaci\u00f3n: distintas formas en que los vientos se organizan sobre el continente y los oc\u00e9anos cercanos. Luego, se estudiaron las lluvias asociadas con cada patr\u00f3n (Figura 1).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Algunos patrones muestran el flujo de aire c\u00e1lido y h\u00famedo desde las regiones tropicales hacia el sur, bordeando los Andes por el este. Este transporte aporta ingredientes para la formaci\u00f3n de tormentas en distintas zonas de Argentina y pa\u00edses vecinos. Otros reflejan una extensa franja de lluvias que conecta la Amazonia con el sudeste de Brasil y el oc\u00e9ano Atl\u00e1ntico. Cuando esta franja est\u00e1 activa, las precipitaciones tienden a concentrarse m\u00e1s al norte, mientras disminuyen en el sur del \u00e1rea estudiada.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Los patrones permiten seguir el avance de sistemas meteorol\u00f3gicos. Por ejemplo, durante los meses m\u00e1s fr\u00edos, una perturbaci\u00f3n facilita el ingreso de aire h\u00famedo desde el Pac\u00edfico, favoreciendo precipitaciones en el centro de Chile y de Argentina. Luego, esta perturbaci\u00f3n se desplaza hacia el noreste alcanzando Bolivia y Brasil. As\u00ed, la sucesi\u00f3n de patrones permite comprender c\u00f3mo cambian las condiciones de un d\u00eda a otro.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La investigaci\u00f3n muestra, adem\u00e1s, que El Ni\u00f1o y La Ni\u00f1a influyen en la frecuencia de estas configuraciones. Sin embargo, sus efectos dependen de la estaci\u00f3n y pueden cambiar por la interacci\u00f3n con otros procesos atmosf\u00e9ricos que duran unas pocas semanas. Esto ayuda a entender por qu\u00e9 distintos episodios de El Ni\u00f1o o La Ni\u00f1a no producen siempre las mismas consecuencias: su influencia se combina con otras condiciones que pueden reforzarla o debilitarla.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tambi\u00e9n se encontraron relaciones entre cambios en estos patrones y la disminuci\u00f3n de las lluvias durante las d\u00e9cadas analizadas. Durante el oto\u00f1o, en el centro de Chile y el sudeste de Sudam\u00e9rica aument\u00f3 la frecuencia de ocurrencia de una configuraci\u00f3n asociada con condiciones secas. En los Andes subtropicales orientales disminuy\u00f3 otra que favorece las lluvias de verano. Estas tendencias fueron atribuidas a variaciones de gran escala en la atm\u00f3sfera del Hemisferio Sur (Modo Anular del Sur) y en el oc\u00e9ano Pacifico (Oscilaci\u00f3n Decadal del Pac\u00edfico).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Estos resultados ofrecen una herramienta para conectar los cambios de gran escala en el clima con las lluvias que experimenta cada regi\u00f3n. Adem\u00e1s de mejorar la comprensi\u00f3n del clima regional, pueden servir para evaluar los modelos utilizados para estudiar su evoluci\u00f3n futura y aportar informaci\u00f3n \u00fatil para la gesti\u00f3n del agua, la planificaci\u00f3n agr\u00edcola, entre otros.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Figura
Figura 1 Izquierda: mapa de Sudam\u00e9rica con la regi\u00f3n de estudio delimitada por el recuadro verde. Derecha: patrones de viento (flechas) y zonas con m\u00e1s lluvias (verde) y menos lluvias (marr\u00f3n) de lo habitual. En cada patr\u00f3n se indican sus meses t\u00edpicos de ocurrencia.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n

Medina, Franco D., Olmo, Matias E. & Bettolli, Maria L. Multi-temporal diagnostic of atmospheric circulation patterns and teleconnections in subtropical South America.\u00a0Clim Dyn 64, 432 (2026). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00382-026-08393-9<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

*Departamento de F\u00edsica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Tecnolog\u00eda, Universidad Nacional de Tucum\u00e1n, Tucum\u00e1n, Argentina. Instituto de F\u00edsica del Noroeste Argentino (CONICET-UNT), Tucum\u00e1n, Argentina<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Por Franco Medina* Las lluvias no se distribuyen de manera uniforme: mientras una regi\u00f3n atraviesa una sequ\u00eda, otra puede recibir precipitaciones abundantes. En Sudam\u00e9rica, estos contrastes afectan la disponibilidad de agua, la producci\u00f3n de alimentos y la generaci\u00f3n de energ\u00eda. Para comprenderlos, es fundamental conocer la circulaci\u00f3n atmosf\u00e9rica. Una investigaci\u00f3n1 identific\u00f3 siete patrones de vientos que […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ocean_front_end_style_editor":"no","ocean_post_layout":"","ocean_both_sidebars_style":"","ocean_both_sidebars_content_width":0,"ocean_both_sidebars_sidebars_width":0,"ocean_sidebar":"","ocean_second_sidebar":"","ocean_disable_margins":"enable","ocean_add_body_class":"","ocean_shortcode_before_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_after_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_before_header":"","ocean_shortcode_after_header":"","ocean_has_shortcode":"","ocean_shortcode_after_title":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_bottom":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_bottom":"","ocean_display_top_bar":"default","ocean_display_header":"default","ocean_header_style":"","ocean_center_header_left_menu":"","ocean_custom_header_template":"","ocean_custom_logo":0,"ocean_custom_retina_logo":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_height":0,"ocean_header_custom_menu":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_family":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_subset":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_size":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_unit":"px","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_line_height":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_unit":"","ocean_menu_typo_spacing":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_unit":"","ocean_menu_link_color":"","ocean_menu_link_color_hover":"","ocean_menu_link_color_active":"","ocean_menu_link_background":"","ocean_menu_link_hover_background":"","ocean_menu_link_active_background":"","ocean_menu_social_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_links_color":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","ocean_disable_title":"default","ocean_disable_heading":"default","ocean_post_title":"","ocean_post_subheading":"","ocean_post_title_style":"","ocean_post_title_background_color":"","ocean_post_title_background":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_image_position":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_attachment":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_repeat":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_size":"","ocean_post_title_height":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay":0.5,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay_color":"","ocean_disable_breadcrumbs":"default","ocean_breadcrumbs_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_separator_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_hover_color":"","ocean_display_footer_widgets":"default","ocean_display_footer_bottom":"default","ocean_custom_footer_template":"","ocean_post_oembed":"","ocean_post_self_hosted_media":"","ocean_post_video_embed":"","ocean_link_format":"","ocean_link_format_target":"self","ocean_quote_format":"","ocean_quote_format_link":"post","ocean_gallery_link_images":"on","ocean_gallery_id":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[57,36,80],"class_list":["post-5064","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-lecturas","tag-clima","tag-lluvias","tag-sudamerica","entry"],"yoast_head":"\nC\u00f3mo los patrones de viento organizan las lluvias en Sudam\u00e9rica subtropical - Programa Hidroclim\u00e1tico Regional para los Andes<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.andex-rhp.org\/?p=5064\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"C\u00f3mo los patrones de viento organizan las lluvias en Sudam\u00e9rica subtropical - Programa Hidroclim\u00e1tico Regional para los Andes\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Por Franco Medina* Las lluvias no se distribuyen de manera uniforme: mientras una regi\u00f3n atraviesa una sequ\u00eda, otra puede recibir precipitaciones abundantes. En Sudam\u00e9rica, estos contrastes afectan la disponibilidad de agua, la producci\u00f3n de alimentos y la generaci\u00f3n de energ\u00eda. Para comprenderlos, es fundamental conocer la circulaci\u00f3n atmosf\u00e9rica. 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Una investigaci\u00f3n1 identific\u00f3 siete patrones de vientos que […]","og_url":"https:\/\/www.andex-rhp.org\/?p=5064","og_site_name":"Programa Hidroclim\u00e1tico Regional para los Andes","article_published_time":"2026-11-09T21:52:12+00:00","article_modified_time":"2026-11-09T21:52:13+00:00","og_image":[{"width":904,"height":860,"url":"https:\/\/www.andex-rhp.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/Imagen-M.png","type":"image\/png"}],"author":"andex","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"andex","Est. reading time":"3 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.andex-rhp.org\/?p=5064#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.andex-rhp.org\/?p=5064"},"author":{"name":"andex","@id":"https:\/\/www.andex-rhp.org\/#\/schema\/person\/502e4f38fe30f00d8b101cd988a956fb"},"headline":"C\u00f3mo los patrones de viento organizan las lluvias en Sudam\u00e9rica subtropical","datePublished":"2026-11-09T21:52:12+00:00","dateModified":"2026-11-09T21:52:13+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.andex-rhp.org\/?p=5064"},"wordCount":704,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.andex-rhp.org\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.andex-rhp.org\/?p=5064#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.andex-rhp.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/Imagen-M.png","keywords":["Clima","Lluvias","Sudam\u00e9rica"],"articleSection":["Lecturas"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/www.andex-rhp.org\/?p=5064#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.andex-rhp.org\/?p=5064","url":"https:\/\/www.andex-rhp.org\/?p=5064","name":"C\u00f3mo los patrones de viento organizan las lluvias en Sudam\u00e9rica subtropical - Programa Hidroclim\u00e1tico Regional para los Andes","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.andex-rhp.org\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.andex-rhp.org\/?p=5064#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.andex-rhp.org\/?p=5064#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.andex-rhp.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/Imagen-M.png","datePublished":"2026-11-09T21:52:12+00:00","dateModified":"2026-11-09T21:52:13+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.andex-rhp.org\/?p=5064#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.andex-rhp.org\/?p=5064"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.andex-rhp.org\/?p=5064#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/www.andex-rhp.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/Imagen-M.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.andex-rhp.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/Imagen-M.png","width":904,"height":860,"caption":"Figura 1 Izquierda: mapa de Sudam\u00e9rica con la regi\u00f3n de estudio delimitada por el recuadro verde. Derecha: patrones de viento (flechas) y zonas con m\u00e1s lluvias (verde) y menos lluvias (marr\u00f3n) de lo habitual. En cada patr\u00f3n se indican sus meses t\u00edpicos de ocurrencia."},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.andex-rhp.org\/?p=5064#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.andex-rhp.org\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"C\u00f3mo los patrones de viento organizan las lluvias en Sudam\u00e9rica subtropical"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.andex-rhp.org\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.andex-rhp.org\/","name":"Programa Hidroclim\u00e1tico Regional para los Andes","description":"ANDEX","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.andex-rhp.org\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.andex-rhp.org\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.andex-rhp.org\/#organization","name":"Programa Hidroclim\u00e1tico Regional para los Andes","url":"https:\/\/www.andex-rhp.org\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.andex-rhp.org\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.andex-rhp.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/cropped-cropped-logo_ANDEX_color_trans1.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.andex-rhp.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/cropped-cropped-logo_ANDEX_color_trans1.png","width":555,"height":444,"caption":"Programa Hidroclim\u00e1tico Regional para los Andes"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.andex-rhp.org\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.andex-rhp.org\/#\/schema\/person\/502e4f38fe30f00d8b101cd988a956fb","name":"andex","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/23494ed4720f39176481de38bcdec2a13011e1321adeb3faa91d0e623a2a8587?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/23494ed4720f39176481de38bcdec2a13011e1321adeb3faa91d0e623a2a8587?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/23494ed4720f39176481de38bcdec2a13011e1321adeb3faa91d0e623a2a8587?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"andex"},"url":"https:\/\/www.andex-rhp.org\/?author=2"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.andex-rhp.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5064","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.andex-rhp.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.andex-rhp.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.andex-rhp.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.andex-rhp.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5064"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.andex-rhp.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5064\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5065,"href":"https:\/\/www.andex-rhp.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5064\/revisions\/5065"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.andex-rhp.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5064"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.andex-rhp.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5064"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.andex-rhp.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5064"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}