{"id":4838,"date":"2026-03-03T07:40:55","date_gmt":"2026-03-03T07:40:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.andex-rhp.org\/?p=4838"},"modified":"2026-03-03T07:41:02","modified_gmt":"2026-03-03T07:41:02","slug":"cambios-en-la-circulacion-atmosferica-reducen-las-lluvias-en-el-centro-de-america-del-sur-analisis-para-la-cuenca-del-rio-pilcomayo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.andex-rhp.org\/?p=4838","title":{"rendered":"Cambios en la circulaci\u00f3n atmosf\u00e9rica reducen las lluvias en el centro de Am\u00e9rica del Sur: an\u00e1lisis para la cuenca del r\u00edo Pilcomayo"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Por Kevin Campos*\/<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

La cuenca del r\u00edo Pilcomayo presenta un hidroclima complejo y un fr\u00e1gil equilibrio socioecol\u00f3gico. Se extiende desde los Andes bolivianos hacia las llanuras del Chaco y abarca diversos paisajes ecol\u00f3gicos y culturales (Fig. 1a). Esta regi\u00f3n est\u00e1 expuesta a los emergentes cambios en los patrones clim\u00e1ticos regionales y las presiones locales como la contaminaci\u00f3n minera1\u20133<\/sup>. En esta regi\u00f3n de contrastes, la conexi\u00f3n entre la circulaci\u00f3n atmosf\u00e9rica y la precipitaci\u00f3n es poco comprendida, debido a la compleja din\u00e1mica atmosf\u00e9rica entre la regi\u00f3n tropical y extratropical desde los Andes hasta los llanos4<\/sup>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Este estudio analiz\u00f3 los cambios en la precipitaci\u00f3n sobre la cuenca entre 1981 y 2024, y la vincul\u00f3 con la circulaci\u00f3n atmosf\u00e9rica regional. Para ello, se identificaron nueve patrones recurrentes de circulaci\u00f3n atmosf\u00e9rica de gran escala. Estos reflejaron mecanismos de baja y alta trop\u00f3sfera, asociados con la ocurrencia o ausencia de lluvia en la regi\u00f3n. As\u00ed tambi\u00e9n, se delimitaron tres zonas caracterizadas por reg\u00edmenes de precipitaciones distintivos: Andina, Transicional y de Tierras Bajas, cada una con respuestas diferenciadas a estos patrones atmosf\u00e9ricos (Fig. 1b).

Los principales hallazgos muestran que la variabilidad estacional de la precipitaci\u00f3n est\u00e1 fuertemente controlada por la frecuencia de patrones espec\u00edficos de circulaci\u00f3n atmosf\u00e9rica. En particular, se detect\u00f3 una reducci\u00f3n significativa del 28% en las lluvias de primavera en la regi\u00f3n transicional, asociada a la disminuci\u00f3n (aumento) de un patr\u00f3n que favorece (inhibe) la lluvia en la regi\u00f3n (Fig. 1c). A mayor escala espacial, estos cambios se relacionan con el calentamiento del Atl\u00e1ntico tropical y con variaciones en las circulaciones de Hadley y Walker.

En conjunto, estos resultados aportan evidencia clave para comprender la vulnerabilidad socioambiental de la cuenca y fortalecer la planificaci\u00f3n y gesti\u00f3n integrada del agua frente a los impactos del cambio clim\u00e1tico.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Figura
Figura 1. Ubicaci\u00f3n, reg\u00edmenes anuales de precipitaci\u00f3n y tendencias en las lluvias acumuladas durante septiembre-noviembre (1981-2024). Adaptado de Campos et al.5.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n

*Programa de Maestr\u00eda en Recursos H\u00eddricos, Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, Lima 15024, Peru<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

1<\/sup>Cer\u00f3n, W. L. et al. Recent intensification of extreme precipitation events in the La Plata Basin in Southern South America (1981\u20132018). Atmospheric Res. 249, 105299 (2021).\u00a0
2<\/sup>Joosten, G. G. et al. From physical climate storylines to environmental risk scenarios for adaptation in the Pilcomayo Basin, central South America. Mitig. Adapt. Strateg. Glob. Change 29, 61 (2024).\u00a0
3<\/sup>Smolders, A. J. P., Lock, R. A. C., Van Der Velde, G., Medina Hoyos, R. I. & Roelofs, J. G. M. Effects of Mining Activities on Heavy Metal Concentrations in Water, Sediment, and Macroinvertebrates in Different Reaches of the Pilcomayo River, South America. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 44, 314\u2013323 (2003).\u00a0
4<\/sup>Cavazos, T. et al. Challenges for climate change adaptation in Latin America and the Caribbean region. Front. Clim. 6, 1392033 (2024).\u00a0
5<\/sup>Campos, K., Espinoza, J.-C., Mendoza Paz, S., & Zamuriano, M. (2026).\u00a0Recent hydroclimate changes in a tropical\u2013subtropical Andean\u2013lowland transitional region (1981\u20132024): Implications to Pilcomayo River<\/em>.\u00a0Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies, 63, 103072.\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejrh.2025.103072<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Por Kevin Campos*\/ La cuenca del r\u00edo Pilcomayo presenta un hidroclima complejo y un fr\u00e1gil equilibrio socioecol\u00f3gico. Se extiende desde los Andes bolivianos hacia las llanuras del Chaco y abarca diversos paisajes ecol\u00f3gicos y culturales (Fig. 1a). Esta regi\u00f3n est\u00e1 expuesta a los emergentes cambios en los patrones clim\u00e1ticos regionales y las presiones locales como […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ocean_post_layout":"","ocean_both_sidebars_style":"","ocean_both_sidebars_content_width":0,"ocean_both_sidebars_sidebars_width":0,"ocean_sidebar":"","ocean_second_sidebar":"","ocean_disable_margins":"enable","ocean_add_body_class":"","ocean_shortcode_before_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_after_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_before_header":"","ocean_shortcode_after_header":"","ocean_has_shortcode":"","ocean_shortcode_after_title":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_bottom":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_bottom":"","ocean_display_top_bar":"default","ocean_display_header":"default","ocean_header_style":"","ocean_center_header_left_menu":"","ocean_custom_header_template":"","ocean_custom_logo":0,"ocean_custom_retina_logo":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_height":0,"ocean_header_custom_menu":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_family":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_subset":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_size":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_unit":"px","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_line_height":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_unit":"","ocean_menu_typo_spacing":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_unit":"","ocean_menu_link_color":"","ocean_menu_link_color_hover":"","ocean_menu_link_color_active":"","ocean_menu_link_background":"","ocean_menu_link_hover_background":"","ocean_menu_link_active_background":"","ocean_menu_social_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_links_color":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","ocean_disable_title":"default","ocean_disable_heading":"default","ocean_post_title":"","ocean_post_subheading":"","ocean_post_title_style":"","ocean_post_title_background_color":"","ocean_post_title_background":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_image_position":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_attachment":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_repeat":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_size":"","ocean_post_title_height":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay":0.5,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay_color":"","ocean_disable_breadcrumbs":"default","ocean_breadcrumbs_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_separator_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_hover_color":"","ocean_display_footer_widgets":"default","ocean_display_footer_bottom":"default","ocean_custom_footer_template":"","ocean_post_oembed":"","ocean_post_self_hosted_media":"","ocean_post_video_embed":"","ocean_link_format":"","ocean_link_format_target":"self","ocean_quote_format":"","ocean_quote_format_link":"post","ocean_gallery_link_images":"on","ocean_gallery_id":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[104,202,38],"class_list":["post-4838","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-lecturas","tag-circulacion-atmosferica","tag-pilcomayo","tag-precipitacion","entry"],"yoast_head":"\nCambios en la circulaci\u00f3n atmosf\u00e9rica reducen las lluvias en el centro de Am\u00e9rica del Sur: an\u00e1lisis para la cuenca del r\u00edo Pilcomayo - Programa Hidroclim\u00e1tico Regional para los Andes<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.andex-rhp.org\/?p=4838\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Cambios en la circulaci\u00f3n atmosf\u00e9rica reducen las lluvias en el centro de Am\u00e9rica del Sur: an\u00e1lisis para la cuenca del r\u00edo Pilcomayo - Programa Hidroclim\u00e1tico Regional para los Andes\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Por Kevin Campos*\/ La cuenca del r\u00edo Pilcomayo presenta un hidroclima complejo y un fr\u00e1gil equilibrio socioecol\u00f3gico. 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