{"id":4827,"date":"2026-02-19T10:33:39","date_gmt":"2026-02-19T10:33:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.andex-rhp.org\/?p=4827"},"modified":"2026-02-19T10:33:43","modified_gmt":"2026-02-19T10:33:43","slug":"altitud-de-la-isoterma-0c-sobre-la-zona-costera-del-biobio-chile-caracterizacion-y-casos-de-estudio","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.andex-rhp.org\/?p=4827","title":{"rendered":"Altitud de la isoterma 0\u00b0C sobre la zona costera del Biob\u00edo, Chile: caracterizaci\u00f3n y casos de estudio"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Por Camila Quijada Meza*\/<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

La altitud de la isoterma 0\u00b0C (H0) es un indicador clave para entender c\u00f3mo la atm\u00f3sfera controla el tipo de precipitaci\u00f3n que llega a superficie. En t\u00e9rminos simples, marca la altitud a la que la temperatura del aire pasa de positiva a negativa y, por lo tanto, delimita aproximadamente d\u00f3nde la precipitaci\u00f3n cae como lluvia y d\u00f3nde como nieve. Este l\u00edmite es especialmente relevante desde una perspectiva hidrol\u00f3gica, ya que una isoterma 0\u00b0C elevada durante estos eventos de lluvia intensa aumenta el riesgo de inundaciones y remociones en masa, al favorecer una mayor escorrent\u00eda directa en cuencas de monta\u00f1a. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

En Chile, y particularmente en la Regi\u00f3n del Biob\u00edo, estos riesgos se intensifican debido a la frecuente ocurrencia de sistemas frontales y r\u00edos atmosf\u00e9ricos. Sin embargo, pese a su importancia, el conocimiento sobre la estructura vertical de la atm\u00f3sfera durante estos eventos es limitado, ya que no existen lanzamientos rutinarios de radiosondas en la regi\u00f3n, uno de los m\u00e9todos tradicionales para observar variables atmosf\u00e9ricas en altura.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Este estudio aborda esa brecha mediante la combinaci\u00f3n de datos observacionales no convencionales y rean\u00e1lisis atmosf\u00e9ricos para caracterizar la variabilidad de la isoterma 0\u00b0C en la zona costera del Biob\u00edo. En particular, se integran perfiles atmosf\u00e9ricos obtenidos desde aviones comerciales (sistema AMDAR), informaci\u00f3n del rean\u00e1lisis ERA5 y mediciones de un Micro Radar de Precipitaciones (MRR) instalado en la regi\u00f3n. Este radar permite detectar la llamada \u201ccapa de fusi\u00f3n\u201d, una zona donde los hidrometeoros comienzan a derretirse al cruzar la isoterma 0\u00b0C, generando una se\u00f1al caracter\u00edstica conoc\u00eda como \u201cbanda brillante\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n

Los resultados muestran que la altitud de la isoterma 0\u00b0C presenta un marcado ciclo estacional, con valores m\u00e1s altos en verano y m\u00e1s bajos en invierno. Durante horas con precipitaci\u00f3n, la H0 es sistem\u00e1ticamente m\u00e1s baja que en condiciones secas, reflejando la influencia del sistemas frontales fr\u00edos. Al comparar los distintos conjuntos de datos, se observa que el rean\u00e1lisis ERA5 reproduce de manera consistente la variabilidad temporal de la H0 en la regi\u00f3n, lo que permite extender el an\u00e1lisis a escalas clim\u00e1ticas y construir una climatolog\u00eda de m\u00e1s de 30 a\u00f1os.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

Por su parte, las estimaciones obtenidas a partir del radar confirman que es posible monitorear la altura de la isoterma 0\u00b0C durante eventos de precipitaci\u00f3n intensa, incluso en ausencia de radiosondas. Adem\u00e1s, el an\u00e1lisis detallado de la capa de fusi\u00f3n muestra que los hidrometeoros atraviesan esta zona en un espesor promedio del orden de cientos de metros, aumentado su velocidad de ca\u00edda a medida que completan el proceso de derretimiento.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

En conjunto, este trabajo demuestra que la combinaci\u00f3n diferentes fuentes de datos permite caracterizar de forma confiable la isoterma 0\u00b0C en una regi\u00f3n donde hist\u00f3ricamente ha existido escasa informaci\u00f3n vertical. La validaci\u00f3n entre estas fuentes de datos fortalece la confianza en el uso de ERA5 para estudios clim\u00e1ticos regionales y posicionan al radar como una herramienta clave para el monitoreo en tiempo real. Estos avances aportan informaci\u00f3n relevante para comprender mejor los eventos de lluvia intensa y sus posibles impactos en el centro-sur de Chile.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"De
De la Figura: A) Serie temporal de H0ERA5 (en negro) y H0AMDAR (en amarillo oscuro); las l\u00edneas horizontales rojas (azules) corresponden a los promedios de H0AMDAR
de la temporada de verano (invierno) correspondiente a cada a\u00f1o. B) Diagrama de dispersi\u00f3n entre H0AMDAR y H0ERA5 para las horas secas (puntos rojos) y las horas h\u00famedas (puntos azules) registradas en la estaci\u00f3n de Carriel Sur. C) Igual que B pero en diagrama de caja.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n

*Departamento de Geof\u00edsica, Universidad de Concepci\u00f3n, Concepci\u00f3n, Chile & Centro de Ciencias del Clima y la Resiliencia (CR)2, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

1<\/sup>Quijada-Meza, C., Jacques-Coper, M., Garreaud, R. D., & Schauwecker, S. (2026).\u00a0Temporal variability of the 0 \u00b0C isotherm height over the coast of the Biob\u00edo Region (36.8\u00b0 S), Chile: Characterisation and case studies<\/em>.\u00a0International Journal of Climatology.\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/joc.70229<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Por Camila Quijada Meza*\/ La altitud de la isoterma 0\u00b0C (H0) es un indicador clave para entender c\u00f3mo la atm\u00f3sfera controla el tipo de precipitaci\u00f3n que llega a superficie. En t\u00e9rminos simples, marca la altitud a la que la temperatura del aire pasa de positiva a negativa y, por lo tanto, delimita aproximadamente d\u00f3nde la […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ocean_post_layout":"","ocean_both_sidebars_style":"","ocean_both_sidebars_content_width":0,"ocean_both_sidebars_sidebars_width":0,"ocean_sidebar":"","ocean_second_sidebar":"","ocean_disable_margins":"enable","ocean_add_body_class":"","ocean_shortcode_before_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_after_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_before_header":"","ocean_shortcode_after_header":"","ocean_has_shortcode":"","ocean_shortcode_after_title":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_bottom":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_bottom":"","ocean_display_top_bar":"default","ocean_display_header":"default","ocean_header_style":"","ocean_center_header_left_menu":"","ocean_custom_header_template":"","ocean_custom_logo":0,"ocean_custom_retina_logo":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_height":0,"ocean_header_custom_menu":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_family":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_subset":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_size":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_unit":"px","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_line_height":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_unit":"","ocean_menu_typo_spacing":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_unit":"","ocean_menu_link_color":"","ocean_menu_link_color_hover":"","ocean_menu_link_color_active":"","ocean_menu_link_background":"","ocean_menu_link_hover_background":"","ocean_menu_link_active_background":"","ocean_menu_social_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_links_color":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","ocean_disable_title":"default","ocean_disable_heading":"default","ocean_post_title":"","ocean_post_subheading":"","ocean_post_title_style":"","ocean_post_title_background_color":"","ocean_post_title_background":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_image_position":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_attachment":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_repeat":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_size":"","ocean_post_title_height":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay":0.5,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay_color":"","ocean_disable_breadcrumbs":"default","ocean_breadcrumbs_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_separator_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_hover_color":"","ocean_display_footer_widgets":"default","ocean_display_footer_bottom":"default","ocean_custom_footer_template":"","ocean_post_oembed":"","ocean_post_self_hosted_media":"","ocean_post_video_embed":"","ocean_link_format":"","ocean_link_format_target":"self","ocean_quote_format":"","ocean_quote_format_link":"post","ocean_gallery_link_images":"on","ocean_gallery_id":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[37,195,60],"class_list":["post-4827","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-lecturas","tag-chile","tag-isoterma","tag-temperatura","entry"],"yoast_head":"\nAltitud de la isoterma 0\u00b0C sobre la zona costera del Biob\u00edo, Chile: caracterizaci\u00f3n y casos de estudio - Programa Hidroclim\u00e1tico Regional para los Andes<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.andex-rhp.org\/?p=4827\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Altitud de la isoterma 0\u00b0C sobre la zona costera del Biob\u00edo, Chile: caracterizaci\u00f3n y casos de estudio - Programa Hidroclim\u00e1tico Regional para los Andes\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Por Camila Quijada Meza*\/ La altitud de la isoterma 0\u00b0C (H0) es un indicador clave para entender c\u00f3mo la atm\u00f3sfera controla el tipo de precipitaci\u00f3n que llega a superficie. 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