{"id":4410,"date":"2025-03-05T18:16:26","date_gmt":"2025-03-05T18:16:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.andex-rhp.org\/?p=4410"},"modified":"2025-03-05T18:16:28","modified_gmt":"2025-03-05T18:16:28","slug":"retraso-en-el-inicio-de-la-temporada-de-lluvias-en-el-altiplano-andino-y-su-relacion-con-patrones-de-circulacion-atmosferica","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.andex-rhp.org\/?p=4410","title":{"rendered":"Retraso en el inicio de la temporada de lluvias en el Altiplano Andino y su relaci\u00f3n con patrones de circulaci\u00f3n atmosf\u00e9rica"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Por Pierina Milla*\/<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

El Altiplano Andino es una de las regiones m\u00e1s vulnerables al cambio clim\u00e1tico en Sudam\u00e9rica. Presenta un marcado ciclo estacional con lluvias concentradas entre diciembre y marzo. Por ello, la temporada de transici\u00f3n de la estaci\u00f3n seca a la h\u00fameda (septiembre-noviembre, SON) desempe\u00f1a un papel clave en la disponibilidad de agua para la agricultura, uso poblacional y ecol\u00f3gico.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Analizando datos de precipitaci\u00f3n entre 1981 y 2022, un reciente estudio1<\/sup> muestra una disminuci\u00f3n significativa de las lluvias en SON, especialmente en el sur del sistema hidrol\u00f3gico Titicaca-Desaguadero-Poop\u00f3-Coipasa (TDPS). Este descenso se asocia con una reducci\u00f3n en la humedad espec\u00edfica a 500 hPa y un aumento en la divergencia del flujo de humedad, lo que indica una menor entrada de vapor de agua a la regi\u00f3n. Adem\u00e1s, se observa un retraso en el inicio de la temporada de lluvias de 4 a 7 d\u00edas por d\u00e9cada (p < 0.05), as\u00ed como una reducci\u00f3n en su duraci\u00f3n. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Para comprender mejor estos cambios, se analizaron patrones de circulaci\u00f3n atmosf\u00e9rica a partir de anomal\u00edas de viento a 200 hPa, identificando nueve patrones de circulaci\u00f3n (CPs): secos (D1-D4), h\u00famedos (W1-W3) y de transici\u00f3n (T1-T2). Durante el periodo 1979-2022, la frecuencia del patr\u00f3n h\u00famedo W1 disminuy\u00f3 de manera considerable, mientras que los patrones predominantemente secos D3 y T1 mostraron un aumento significativo (p < 0.05). Este cambio est\u00e1 asociado con una reducci\u00f3n del transporte de humedad desde la Amazon\u00eda y un incremento de anomal\u00edas de flujos de humedad provenientes del sur, lo que inhibe la formaci\u00f3n de nubes y la precipitaci\u00f3n en el Altiplano.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

En relaci\u00f3n a estos cambios, en 2022 esta regi\u00f3n sufri\u00f3 una sequ\u00eda extraordinaria2<\/sup>. Durante noviembre de 2022, los CPs secos dominaron entre el 53% y el 59% de los d\u00edas, convirti\u00e9ndose en el mes de noviembre m\u00e1s seco registrado desde 1979. Este evento coincidi\u00f3 con una fase de La Ni\u00f1a y un enfriamiento en el Pac\u00edfico central, lo que intensific\u00f3 la escasez de lluvias.1,2<\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n

Estos resultados sugieren que el retraso de la temporada de lluvias est\u00e1 relacionado a cambios en patrones espec\u00edficos de la circulaci\u00f3n atmosf\u00e9rica y la disponibilidad de humedad en la regi\u00f3n. La deforestaci\u00f3n en la cuenca amaz\u00f3nica y el calentamiento global estar\u00edan asociado a la reducci\u00f3n del transporte de humedad, lo que amerita particular atenci\u00f3n e investigaciones futuras. <\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Tendencias
Tendencias de precipitaci\u00f3n y humedad durante SON en el Altiplano<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n

*Egresada de F\u00edsica, Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica del Per\u00fa (PUCP).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

1<\/sup> Milla, P., Espinoza, J-C., Gutierrez-Villarreal, R., Molina-Carpio, J., Ronchail, J., Espinoza-Romero, D., & Junquas, C. (2025). Recent changes in the dry-to-wet transition season in the Andean Altiplano and related atmospheric circulation patterns (1981\u20132022). Climate Dynamics, 63<\/em>, 87. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00382-024-07578-4<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

2<\/sup> Gutierrez-Villarreal, R. A., Espinoza, J-C., Lavado, W., Junquas, C., Molina-Carpio, J., Condom, T., & Marengo, J. A. (2024). The 2022\u201323 drought in the South American Altiplano: ENSO effects on moisture flux in the western Amazon during the pre-wet season. Weather and Climate Extremes<\/em>. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.wace.2024.100710<\/a>
<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Por Pierina Milla*\/ El Altiplano Andino es una de las regiones m\u00e1s vulnerables al cambio clim\u00e1tico en Sudam\u00e9rica. Presenta un marcado ciclo estacional con lluvias concentradas entre diciembre y marzo. Por ello, la temporada de transici\u00f3n de la estaci\u00f3n seca a la h\u00fameda (septiembre-noviembre, SON) desempe\u00f1a un papel clave en la disponibilidad de agua para […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ocean_post_layout":"","ocean_both_sidebars_style":"","ocean_both_sidebars_content_width":0,"ocean_both_sidebars_sidebars_width":0,"ocean_sidebar":"","ocean_second_sidebar":"","ocean_disable_margins":"enable","ocean_add_body_class":"","ocean_shortcode_before_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_after_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_before_header":"","ocean_shortcode_after_header":"","ocean_has_shortcode":"","ocean_shortcode_after_title":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_bottom":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_bottom":"","ocean_display_top_bar":"default","ocean_display_header":"default","ocean_header_style":"","ocean_center_header_left_menu":"","ocean_custom_header_template":"","ocean_custom_logo":0,"ocean_custom_retina_logo":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_height":0,"ocean_header_custom_menu":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_family":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_subset":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_size":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_unit":"px","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_line_height":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_unit":"","ocean_menu_typo_spacing":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_unit":"","ocean_menu_link_color":"","ocean_menu_link_color_hover":"","ocean_menu_link_color_active":"","ocean_menu_link_background":"","ocean_menu_link_hover_background":"","ocean_menu_link_active_background":"","ocean_menu_social_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_links_color":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","ocean_disable_title":"default","ocean_disable_heading":"default","ocean_post_title":"","ocean_post_subheading":"","ocean_post_title_style":"","ocean_post_title_background_color":"","ocean_post_title_background":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_image_position":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_attachment":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_repeat":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_size":"","ocean_post_title_height":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay":0.5,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay_color":"","ocean_disable_breadcrumbs":"default","ocean_breadcrumbs_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_separator_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_hover_color":"","ocean_display_footer_widgets":"default","ocean_display_footer_bottom":"default","ocean_custom_footer_template":"","ocean_post_oembed":"","ocean_post_self_hosted_media":"","ocean_post_video_embed":"","ocean_link_format":"","ocean_link_format_target":"self","ocean_quote_format":"","ocean_quote_format_link":"post","ocean_gallery_link_images":"on","ocean_gallery_id":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[75,104,103,38],"class_list":["post-4410","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-lecturas","tag-altiplano","tag-circulacion-atmosferica","tag-patrones","tag-precipitacion","entry"],"yoast_head":"\nRetraso en el inicio de la temporada de lluvias en el Altiplano Andino y su relaci\u00f3n con patrones de circulaci\u00f3n atmosf\u00e9rica - Programa Hidroclim\u00e1tico Regional para los Andes<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.andex-rhp.org\/?p=4410\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Retraso en el inicio de la temporada de lluvias en el Altiplano Andino y su relaci\u00f3n con patrones de circulaci\u00f3n atmosf\u00e9rica - Programa Hidroclim\u00e1tico Regional para los Andes\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Por Pierina Milla*\/ El Altiplano Andino es una de las regiones m\u00e1s vulnerables al cambio clim\u00e1tico en Sudam\u00e9rica. 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